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ReturnBudget: Customs Duty Hike on Yarn Last Nail in Coffin, Say Weavers In PM Modi’s Varanasi
Author：
esilk.net
PublishDate：
2021-02-24 09:22:42
Hit：
2003
印度2021年新財(cái)政預(yù)算案對(duì)絲類進(jìn)口加征關(guān)稅，引起印度國(guó)內(nèi)紡織業(yè)不滿
摘要：事實(shí)證明，按原價(jià)格履行訂單非常困難。大量以原價(jià)格下的訂單只能違約。在這樣的環(huán)境下，價(jià)值7至8億盧比的訂單被卡住了。
‘Fulfilling orders at old rates is proving to be difficult. Buyers who had placed orders with weavers at old rates reneged on their commitment. Due to these circumstances orders worth Rs 70 to Rs 80 crore are stuck.’
Lucknow: After a revised electricity tariff was imposed on powerloom weavers, the five per cent hike in customs duty on silk in the Union Budget would act as the final nail in the coffin for the Banarasi sari and textile weaving industry inPrime Minister Narendra Modi's constituency of Varanasi — one of the finest producers of Banarasi saris in India.
關(guān)稅對(duì)棉花從零增加到10%,對(duì)絲類從10%提高到15%。新關(guān)稅在2月1日預(yù)算案宣布后立即執(zhí)行。這一新政策導(dǎo)致綢廠拒絕按照原價(jià)格生產(chǎn)紗麗和手搖織機(jī)衣料。
Customs duty on cotton was increased from nil to 10% and that on raw silk and silk yarn was raised from 10% to 15 per cent. The revised custom duty – implemented immediately after the budget announcement on February 1 – has resulted in the weavers fraternity refusing to make saris and handloom dressmaterials at earlier rates.
最終導(dǎo)致全國(guó)大約8億盧比的紗麗訂單停滯在上機(jī)織造前。據(jù)業(yè)內(nèi)人士透露，這將對(duì)節(jié)日期間的生意產(chǎn)生影響，之后還會(huì)影響到夏天的婚禮季。瓦拉納西的紡織業(yè)嚴(yán)重依賴于婚禮季。
As a result, orders of about Rs 80 crore of saris for textile traders have been stuck in powerlooms across the state. According to insiders it will have an effect on business during the festive season and later, on the wedding season in summer. Varanasi’s textile industry relies heavily on the wedding season.
據(jù)北方邦紡織工協(xié)會(huì)主席伊夫特哈爾·艾哈邁德·安薩里說，今年1月，絲的價(jià)格在每公斤4100盧比左右;現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)從4400盧比漲到了4600盧比。金銀絲綢緞和織錦緞的價(jià)格也隨著絲價(jià)的上漲而上漲。2021年1月，一捆扎繡絲線的價(jià)格在360盧比到380盧比之間。同樣的一捆現(xiàn)在是450盧比，他說。棉紗線的價(jià)格也從450-500盧比上漲到550-600盧比。國(guó)外品種、珊瑚色蓖麻類蠶繭和柞蠶繭的價(jià)格上漲了200盧比至250盧比，同步的野蠶絲的價(jià)格達(dá)到了4600盧比。
According to Iftekhar Ahmed Ansari, president of the Uttar Pradesh Weavers’ Association, in January, the price of silk was around Rs 4,100 per kg; it has now gone up from Rs 4,400 to a further Rs 4,600. Prices of zari(golden/silver thread) or brocades have also increased alongside silk. In January 2021, a bundle of zari used to cost between Rs 360 and Rs 380. The going rate for the same is now Rs 450, he said. The price of cotton yarn has also increased from Rs 450-500 to Rs 550-600 kg. Prices of Chinese silk, coral, tusher have increased by Rs 200 to Rs 250 while that of yarn katan has reached Rs 4,600.
Reacting to the budget announcement, Ansari said: “Despite the severe impact of COVID-19 in the handloom industry – we are also being charged as per the electricity meter since January 2020 after the government withdrew the ‘flat rate’ subsidy – weavers in Varanasi had pinned their hopes on the Budget, but were left disappointed,” he told Newsclick.
他補(bǔ)充說，疫情確實(shí)打擊了他們的生意，原材料變得更加昂貴。“關(guān)稅上調(diào)導(dǎo)致莎麗和服裝面料的舊訂單被擱置。由于紗線價(jià)格上漲，已經(jīng)接到胡里節(jié)和夏季婚禮季訂單的商人無法派單。事實(shí)證明，按原價(jià)格履行訂單非常困難。以原來價(jià)格向織工下訂單的買家違約了。在這樣的環(huán)境下，價(jià)值7至8億盧比的訂單被卡住了?！卑菜_里告訴Newsclick。
He added that COVID-19 has indeed hit their business and that raw materials have become more expensive. “The hike in custom duty has resulted in older orders for saris and dress material being put on hold. Businessmen, who had received orders for Holi and the wedding season in summer cannot dispatch them due to the rise in yarn prices. Fulfilling orders at old rates is proving to be difficult. Buyers who had placed orders with weavers at old rates reneged on their commitment. Due to these circumstances orders worth Rs 70 to Rs 80 crore are stuck,” Ansari told Newsclick.
哈希姆是瓦拉納西12個(gè)織造組織的領(lǐng)袖，他表示，由于政府政策和疫情，他們的業(yè)務(wù)是受打擊最嚴(yán)重的行業(yè)之一。不僅僅瓦拉納西，身處北方邦各地的織工現(xiàn)在都很難維持生計(jì)。
Hashim, who heads twelve weavers’ groups in Varanasi, said that due to government policies and the COVID-19 pandemic their business is among the worst-hit. Weavers, not just from Varanasi but from across Uttar Pradesh are now struggling to meet their daily needs.
“新的預(yù)算案絲毫沒有為我們考慮，我們?cè)疽恢奔南Ｍ诘玫揭粩堊泳戎桨竵硗旎?020年因疫情造成的損失，然而現(xiàn)實(shí)卻讓我們非常失望。我們希望政府會(huì)優(yōu)先采取必要的措施，以控制成本上漲，并在今年將預(yù)算分配的重點(diǎn)放在加強(qiáng)國(guó)內(nèi)制造業(yè)和建立產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈生態(tài)系統(tǒng)上。我們還希望能以合理的價(jià)格獲得原材料，并能更便宜的得到紗線?？椆み€需要支付增值稅和稅金，”哈希姆告訴Newsclick。
“There was nothing in this budget for us and we have been disappointed as we were expecting a relief package in view of the COVID-19 losses suffered in 2020. We hoped that the government will prioritise necessary measures to control cost inflation with a liberal budget allocation focused on strengthening domestic manufacturing and setting up a component ecosystem this year. We were also expecting to get raw material at a reasonable rate and yarn should have been made available cheaper. Weavers pay GST and tax,” Hashim told Newsclick.
據(jù)哈希姆說，瓦拉納西的紡織行業(yè)每年產(chǎn)生約500億盧比的收入。該行業(yè)希望政府能更體諒窮人，但預(yù)算令他們失望?！笆紫仁菑U鈔令;隨后，又是增值稅帶來沉重一擊。然后，在工業(yè)緩慢復(fù)蘇的時(shí)候，由于疫情中國(guó)在去年12月停止了絲線的出口。中國(guó)出口恢復(fù)后印度又在3月份進(jìn)行疫情封鎖政策。除此之外，自去年一月政府取消“統(tǒng)一費(fèi)率”補(bǔ)貼后，綢廠就按電表收費(fèi)了。這可能會(huì)對(duì)紡織業(yè)造成永久性的損害，并產(chǎn)生連鎖反應(yīng)——從工廠倒閉到最終的巨大就業(yè)損失，”織工大會(huì)秘書阿迪勒?祖拜爾表示。
According to Hashim, Varanasi’s weaving industry generates revenues of about Rs 50 billion annually. The industry wanted the government to be more considerate to the poor but the budget has left them disappointed. “First it was demonetisation; then goods and services tax (GST) hit the industry hard. Then, at a time when industry was slowly recovering, China stopped the export of silk yarn last December due to the pandemic. When was it resumed in March India imposed the lockdown. Aside from all of this weavers are being charged as per the electricity meter since January last year after the government withdrew the ‘flat rate’ subsidy. It will potentially cause permanent damage to the textile sector and will have a cascading effect – from the closure of units to eventually huge employment losses,” Adil Zubair, secretary of the Bunkar Mahasabha, said.
“由于絲和棉紗線價(jià)格上漲，許多綢廠都停止了工作。大部分的絲和棉紗在瓦拉納西使用，所以關(guān)稅不應(yīng)該提高。與此同時(shí)，尼龍絲的價(jià)格下降了，這更多地幫助了蘇拉特的企業(yè)?！弊姘轄栒f。
“Many weavers have stopped working due to the increase in prices of silk and cotton yarn. Most of the silk and cotton yarn is used in Varanasi, so customs duty should not been raised. At the same time, the price of nylon yarn has gone down which is helping businesses in Surat more,” Zubair claimed.
在封鎖期間，中國(guó)絲的售價(jià)是每公斤2700盧比，現(xiàn)在價(jià)格在4200盧比到4300盧比之間，上漲了近55%。在接下來的三個(gè)月里，婚禮季的缺席似乎也沒有對(duì)生意有所幫助。每年織工們都在等待一個(gè)優(yōu)惠的預(yù)算;這次他們也這么做了，希望政府能幫助他們挽回封鎖期間的損失。
Silk from China, which was selling at a low rate of Rs 2,700 per kg during the lockdown, now costs between Rs 4,200 and Rs 4,300 – a rise of close to 55%. The absence of a wedding season over the next three months also does not seem to have helped business. Each year weavers wait for a favourable budget; they did so this time around too, hoping that the government would help them recover losses sustained during the lockdown.
“我們被要求根據(jù)電表收費(fèi)，而不是2019年之前實(shí)行的固定費(fèi)率。在10多天的抗議中，這是我們的主要要求之一。政府向我們保證，我們的要求會(huì)得到滿足，但這并沒有發(fā)生?！本I廠老板阿提克·安薩里說。
“We are being charged for power based on meters instead of a fixed rate as was being practised till 2019. It was one of our key demands during more than 10 days of protest. We were assured by the government that our demands would be met but that has not happened,” said Ateeque Ansari, a weaver.
值得注意的是，去年9月，瓦拉納西和該邦其他地方的動(dòng)力織機(jī)織布工在北方邦邦卡爾·馬哈薩卜哈和總部位于瓦拉納西的比拉達(dá)拉納·坦齊姆的組織下走上街頭，抗議電價(jià)的突然上漲。這些組織聲稱，電費(fèi)增加過多，可能導(dǎo)致紡織織造行業(yè)的完全關(guān)閉。他們有三個(gè)主要要求:統(tǒng)一電價(jià)，停止以收回未付賬單為名的騷擾，以及不應(yīng)該切斷綢廠的電力連接。Newsclick廣泛報(bào)道了抗議活動(dòng)。
Notably, powerloom weavers in Varanasi and in other parts of the state hit the?streets last year in September under the banner of the Uttar Pradesh Bunkar Mahasabha and Varanasi-based Biradarana Tanzim against the sudden rise in power tariff. The organisations have?claimed that it has increased overhead and may lead to the complete closure of the textile weaving industry. They had three key demands: electricity at flat rate, a stop to harassment in the name of recovering pending bills and that the electricity connection of weavers should not be disconnected.Newsclick had covered the protest extensively.
在這個(gè)城市里，大約有50萬名織布工從事編織巴納拉西紗麗、披肩和其他衣服。他們表示，政府的舉動(dòng)讓他們別無選擇，只能在建筑工地工作、駕駛電動(dòng)三輪車或在路邊賣蔬菜和水果。
There are about five lakh weavers associated with weaving Banarasi saris,stoles and other clothes in the city. They said that the government’s moves had left them with no other option but to?work in construction sites, drive E-rickshaws or sell vegetables and fruits by the road side.
This artical is from NEWSCLICK，translated and edited by esilk.net
該文章來自印度NEWSCLICK，由金蠶網(wǎng)翻譯并編輯
